Research Article
Eco-Friendly Management of Flea Beetle (Phyllotreta spp.) on Som Plant (Machilus bombycina King) by Traditionally Used Plant Extracts
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
63-71
Received:
18 September 2023
Accepted:
14 October 2023
Published:
6 December 2023
Abstract: Muga silk worm (Antheraea assama West wood) rearing is done on som plant (Machilus bombycina King). Larval growth and silk production depends on nutritional value of som plant leaves. Large number of insect pests infests som plant and so rearing becomes difficult. Flea beetle (Phyllotreta spp.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomellidae) is a harmful pest pest and cause damage to som plant leaves. The study was carried out to find out the incidence pattern of flea beetle (Phyllotreta spp.) infesting som plant (Machilus bombycina King) and bio-efficacy evaluation of plant products for its safe management. For the experiments five plant extracts and one botanical pesticide were evaluated and their effectiveness was compared with standard check, Profenophos along with one untreated control. The floral parts of polygonum (Polygonum hydropiper), pongamia (Pongamia pinnata) leaves, garlic bulb (Allium sativum), spilanthes (Spilanthes paniculata) floral parts were extracted in methanol. Water was used for extraction of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves. Harmful activity of flea beetles was recorded throughout the year on som plant leaves. The highest population (8.92/twig) was found on the last week of May (21st standard meteorological week). Significant positive correlation was seen between flea beetle population and temperature. Flea beetle had non-significant negative correlation with relative humidity. Profenophos 50 EC @ 0.05% was found most effective pesticide against flea beetle which provided about 70 per cent suppression. However, plant based pesticide and extract, Azadirachtin and Polygonumprovided moderate to higher flea beetle suppression. They recorded more than 50 per cent flea beetle control on som plant. Bio-pesticides including plant extracts are safe to our environment. It has no harmful effect on muga silk worm rearing. So it can be used for management of flea beetle on som plant.
Abstract: Muga silk worm (Antheraea assama West wood) rearing is done on som plant (Machilus bombycina King). Larval growth and silk production depends on nutritional value of som plant leaves. Large number of insect pests infests som plant and so rearing becomes difficult. Flea beetle (Phyllotreta spp.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomellidae) is a harmful pest pest an...
Show More
Research Article
Substitution of Poultry Litter for Concentrate Mix as Protein Supplement on Growth Performance of Arsi-Bale Goat
Asha Ahmed*,
Taye Tolemariam,
Ashebir Worku
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
72-83
Received:
5 November 2023
Accepted:
30 November 2023
Published:
18 December 2023
Abstract: Twenty-five intact yearling goats, were randomly assigned to a complete randomized block design (CRBD) with five treatments and five replications. The aim was to assess the impact of different levels of poultry litter (PL) on feed intake, digestibility, growth performance, and economic return of Arsi Bale goats. Different levels of poultry litter were supplemented in various treatment groups i.e T1- 38.5 % Noug Seed Cake (NSC) + 60.5 % Wheat Bran (WB) + 1% Salt) being control group, T2 (31.6% NSC + 57.4%WB + 10% PL + 1% Salt), T3 (24.8% NSC + 54.3%WB + 20% PL + 1% Salt), T4 (17.9% NSC + 51.1%WB + 30% PL + 1% Salt) and T5 (11.5% NSC + 47.5%WB + 40% PL + 1% Salt). The trial lasted for 90 days, and there were seven days of digestibility testing. There was no significant difference in initial body weight (IBW) and final body weight (FBW) among the treatments, but a significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in the total body weight gain (TWG) and average daily weight gain (AGD). Goats supplemented with the highest level of poultry litter (T5) gained more weight (P<0.05) than the other groups. The results indicate that supplementing with 40% PL is more effective in increasing weight gain and is economically feasible compared to the other treatments and the control group. No significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in dry matter intake (DMI), organic matter intake (OMI), and crude protein intake (CPI) with increased levels of supplementation. Digestibility did not differ significantly among the treatments. The feed conversion ratio was 6.33, 8.00, 8.18, 11.77, and 11.29 g/gm gain for T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively. Therefore, poultry litter can substitute up to 40% as source of protein for NSC and/or WB without affecting the nutrients utilization but with improved growth performance of goats. Further levels of inclusion of PL and the necessary physical or chemical treatments are recommended to assess more profitable return and possible impact on carcass quality.
Abstract: Twenty-five intact yearling goats, were randomly assigned to a complete randomized block design (CRBD) with five treatments and five replications. The aim was to assess the impact of different levels of poultry litter (PL) on feed intake, digestibility, growth performance, and economic return of Arsi Bale goats. Different levels of poultry litter w...
Show More
